Posted on Feb 13, 2009

Hormonal changes. Although the exact relationship between hormones and headaches isn't clear, fluctuations in estrogen seem to trigger headaches in many women with known migraines. Hormonal medications, such as contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy, also may worsen migraines. Foods. Certain foods appear to trigger headaches in some people. Common offenders include alcohol, especially beer and red wine; aged cheeses; chocolate; fermented, pickled or marinated foods; aspartame; overuse of caffeine; Stress. A hard week at work followed by relaxation may lead to a weekend migraine. Stress at work or home also can instigate migraines. Sensory stimuli. Bright lights and sun glare can produce head pain. So can unusual smells — including pleasant scents, such as perfume and flowers, and unpleasant odors, such as paint thinner and secondhand smoke. Physical factors. Intense physical exertion, including sexual activity, may provoke migraines. Changes in the environment. A change of weather, season, altitude level, barometric pressure or time zone can prompt a migraine. Medications. Certain medications can aggravate migraines. family history of migraine. If both your parents have migraines, there's a good chance you will too. Even if only one of your parents has migraines, you're still at increased risk of developing migraines. young and female Headaches tend to affect boys and girls equally during childhood but increase in girls after puberty.